Investigating the Dimensions of Water Scarcity Using the Water Poverty Index (WPI) and its Comparative Analysis in Qom District

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Geographical Sciences & Planning, Isfahan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Geographical Sciences & Planning, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the situation in Qom and its regions in terms of the water poverty index, which identifies the zonal differences and the dimensions and strengths and weaknesses of each. The basis for determining the Water Poverty Index is the Sullivan method, which is a weight linear combination of components (resources, costs, environment, capacity, and access). The required data were collected through related organizations and analyzed in the framework of this method. There is a difference between the five sections of the county in terms of poverty. Weakness in resources is a common feature among zones, which is significant in some zones and moderate in the others. Also, in terms of human capacity, almost all regions have a good status that can be regarded as a strength. Water consumption management, as the most important option, should be at the forefront of planning and considering the inability to expand water resources. Currently, more than twice as much of renewable water resources are being extracted. The best way to manage water poverty is to make optimal use of available resources and capacities and to focus on research principles, rather than the expansion of water resources in a variety of ways, which can increase the territorial imbalances, domestic disturbance, and lack of control on consumption and so on.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

آسیابی هیر، رقیه؛ مصطفی‌زاده، رئوف؛ رئوف، مجید و اسمعلی عوری، اباذر (1394). شاخص فقر آب و اهمیت آن در مدیریت منابع آب، ترویج و توسعۀ آبخیزداری، 3 (11).
2. آسیابی هیر، رقیه؛ مصطفی‌زاده، رئوف؛ رئوف، مجید و اسمعلی عوری، اباذر (1396). ارزیابی چندمعیاره تغییرات مکانی شاخص فقر آب در تعدادی از حوضه‌های آبخیز استان اردبیل، اکوهیدرولوژی، 4 (4)، 997-1009.
3. جابرزاده، محمد (1393). برآورد شاخص فقر آبی در استان‌های کشور، هفتمین همایش ملی و نمایشگاه تخصصی مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران.
4. رجبی هشجین، مهدی و عرب، داوودرضا (1385). شاخص فقر آبی؛ ابزاری کارآمد برای ارزیابی وضعیت منابع آبی جهان، دومین کنفرانس مدیریت منابع آب، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان.
5. زینلی، محمدجواد و هاشمی، سیدرضا (1395). مقایسۀ توابع یادگیری شبکۀ عصبی در مدل‌سازی رواناب، فصلنامۀ اکوهیدرولوژی، 3 (4)، 659-667.
6. شریف‌زادگان، محمدحسین؛ ندایی طوسی، سحر و جمالی، فرناز، (1396). شناسایی موانع توسعۀ منطقه‌ای با به‌کارگیری شاخق فقر آبی (نمونۀ موردی: استان قزوین)، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی محیطی، 65 (1)، 151-170.
7. مهندسین مشاور شرق آیند (1388). سند مطالعات آمایش سرزمین استان قم، معاونت برنامه‌ریزی استانداری قم.
8. Alessa L, Kliskey A, Lammers R, Ar, C, White D, Hinzman L, Busey R. The arctic water resource vulnerability index: an integrated assessment tool for community resilience and vulnerability with respect to freshwater, Environmental Management, 2008; 42, 523- 541.
9. Anju, A.M, Vicky, S.E, Sajil Kumar, P.J. 2017. Water poverty Analysis using Water Poverty Index(WPI) -A critical Review. International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources (IJESNR), online Journal www.researchgate.net/publication/315380031.
10. Brooks N, Adger WN, Kelly PM. The determinants of vulnerability and adaptive capacity at the national level and the implications for adaptation, Global Environmental Change-Human And Policy Dimensions, 2005; 15, 151- 163.
11. Brown, A., and Matlock, M (2011). A review of water scarcity indices and methodologies. The Sustainability Consortium, University of Arkansas.
12. El-Gafy,I.K (2018). The water poverty index as an assistant tool for drawing strategies of the Egyptian water sector, Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 9, 173–186
13. Feitelson, E &, .Chenoweth, J. (2002). Water poverty: towards a meaningful indicator, Water Policy, 4(3), 263-281.
14. Fenwick, C, (2010). Identifying the Water Poor: an Indicator Approach to Assessing Water Poverty in Rural Mexico, PhD THESIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON.
15. Han H, Zhao L. Rural income poverty in Western China is water poverty, China and World Economy, 2005;13(5), 76- 88.
16. Jemmali, H., & Matoussi, M. (2013). A multidimensional analysis of water poverty at local scale: application of improved water poverty index for Tunisia, Water policy, 98-115.
17. Lawrence, P, Meigh, J.R., and Sullivan, C.A., (2002) The Water Poverty Index: an International Comparison, Keele University Economics Research Papers.
18. Manandhar, S., Pandey, V., and Kazama, F. (2012). Application of water poverty index in Nepales context: A case study of Kali Gandaki River Basin (KGRB). Water Resources Management, 26:89-107.
19. Qu, F., Kuyvenhoven, A., Shi, X., and Heerink, N. (2010). Sustainable natural resource use in rural china: recent trends and policies, China Economic Review, 22(4), 444-460.
20. Salameh, E .(2000). Redefining the water poverty index, Water International, 469-473.
21. Sen, A. (1999). Development as freedom. Anchor Books, A Division of Random House, Inc, New York.
22. Shakya, B. (2012). Analysis and mapping water poverty of Indrāvati Basin. World Wide Fund for Nature Nepal Report, 70p.
23. Smakhtin, VU. Low flow hydrology: a review, Journal of Hydrology, 2001; 240, 147- 186.
24. Sullivan, C.A., Meigh, J.R., and Lawrence, P. (2006). Application of the water poverty index at different scales: A cautionary tale, International Water Resources Association, 31(3):412-426.
25. Sullivan, C.A., Meigh, J.R., Giacomello, A.M., Fediw, T., Lawrence, P., and Samad, M. 2003. The water poverty index: development and application at the community scale, Natural Resources Forum, 27,189-199.
26. Thakur, J.K, Neupane, M, Mohanan, A.A (2017). Water poverty in upper Bagmati River Basin in Nepal, Water Science ,31, 93-108.
27. Ty, T.V., Sunada, K., Ichikawa, Y., and Oishi, S. (2010). Evaluation of the state of water resources using modified water poverty index: a case study in the Srepok river basin, Vietnam-Cambodia, International Journal of River Basin Management, 8(3-4), 305-317.
2285. Vyver, C. (2013). Water Poverty Index Calculation: Additive or Multiplicative Function? Journal of South African Business Research, Article ID 615770, 11p.
29. Xin, l , WAN, J and JIA, j, (2011). Application of the Water Poverty Index at the districts of Yellow River Basin, Advanced Materials Research Vols, 250-253, 3469-3474.
Town and Country Planning
Volume 10, Issue 2
Autumn & Winter
October 2019
Pages 345-366

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 22 December 2018
  • Revise Date: 28 February 2019
  • Accept Date: 28 February 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics