The present study seeks to identify the components of planning and restructuring disciplines in the basic sciences in order to propose a conceptual framework for the higher education system. The planning and reorganization of disciplines aim to optimize their distribution, prevent duplication, enhance educational quality, and respond effectively to the demands of the labor market and society. This research is a fundamental qualitative study conducted through a systematic review of the literature combined with thematic analysis of selected sources, following the PRISMA guidelines. Data were collected through library and documentary methods. A total of 523 primary sources published between 2010 and 2025 were reviewed, from which 47 sources were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Through data analysis and coding, the key components of planning and restructuring basic science disciplines were identified. This exploratory study attempts to provide a comprehensive and precise definition of higher education planning in the basic sciences so that the proposed model can be applied practically across universities and other educational institutions. The synthesis and categorization of the extracted codes revealed five main dimensions for identifying the components of planning and restructuring basic science disciplines: (1) Spatial territorial (2) content-related, (3) policy and governance, (4) economic-functional, and (5) educational. From 105 initial codes, five concepts were extracted for the policy and governance dimension; from 53 initial codes, three concepts were identified for the content-related dimension; from 23 initial codes, four concepts were identified for the Spatial territorial dimension from 30 initial codes, three concepts emerged for the economic-functional dimension; and from 63 initial codes, five concepts were obtained for the educational dimension.