Spatial Analysis of Regional Development of the Country based on Social Indicators

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

2 Ph.D. student, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

3 Ph.D. student, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Understanding how to distribute economic, social, cultural and other opportunities as first step in spatial development planning can improve service delivery and increase equilibrium between regions. This research aimed at study and analysis of 31 provinces of Iran based on social indicatros enjoyment. Therefore, the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method of research. Required data collected through the statistical yearbook of 1395 (2016) in the form of 52 important social indicators including social, cultural, welfare, educational and health components. Shannon entropy, coefficient of variation (C.V), WASPAS used to Wheightining of criterias, analysis of indicators dispersion and determining the level of development of provinces respectively in the context of MATLAB. The result shows that there is a lack of social development balance between Iran provinces. Tehran, Isfahan, Khorasan Razavi and Fars are four provinces that placed at higher level of social development and Alborz, Zanjan, Chaharmahal Bakhtiari, Semnan, South Khorasan, North Khorasan, Ilam and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad are placed at the most deprived areas of the country in terms of social indicators. Overall, the results show that social development status in Iran's provinces is not synonymous with social and spatial justice and requires proper and effective attention and management.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Apostolache, M. A. (2014). Regional development in Romania–from regulations to practice. Procedia Economics and Finance, 8, pp. 35-41.
Babaie Fard, A. (2010). Cultural development and social development in Iran. Social Refah Journal, 10(37), pp. 7-56 (in Persian).
Bellù Lorenzo, G. (2011). Development and development paradigms a (reasoned) review of prevailing visions. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO Issue Papers EASYPol Module.
Borgatta, E., Montgomery, F., & Rhonda J. V. (2000). Encyclopedia of sociology. Vol. 1, London and New York: Macmillan Reference USA.
Bryman, A. (1999). Quality and quantity in social research. London: Unwin Humanly Press.
Dupont, V. (2007). Do geographical agglomeration, growth and equity Conflict?. Regional Science, 86(2), pp. 193-213.
Estes, R. I. (2001). Social welfare and social development: Partners or competitors. University of Pennsylvania.
Fatolahi, J., Kafili, V., & Taghizadeghan, A. (2017). Development divides in Iran Provinces. Journal of Economic Development and Planning, 5(2), pp. 99-118 (in Persian).
Fazeli, M., Fatahi, S., & Zanjan Rafiee, S. (2013). Social Development, Indicators and Status of Iran in World. Journal of Socio - Cultural Development Studies,, 2(1), pp. 159-182 (in Persian).
Gilbert, A., & Gugler, J. (1984). Cities, Poverty and Development: Urbanization in the Third World. London: Oxford University Press. Griffin, K., & McKinley, T. (1994). Implementing a human development strategy. Springer.
Harvey, D. (2010). Social justice and the city. Vol. 1, Georgia: University of Georgia Press.
Hekmatnia, H., Tavousian, A., Alahverdi, M. A., & Rezaie, H. (2015). Spatial analysis of development the township of Yazd province with emphasis on cultural factors. MJSP, 19(3), pp. 99-128 (in Persian).
Hilhorst, J. G. M. (1967). Regional development theory. Vol. 15, Paris: Mouton & Co.
Hosseini, A., & Shiri Pour, M. (2015). Analysis and assessment of settlement development on urban area with the new hybrid multi-criteria decision-making methods, A case study: East Azarbaijan. Geographical Planning of Space, 5(17), pp. 28-54 (in Persian).
Izadi, M., Mohammadi, J., & Mohammadi, J. (2013). Analysis of cultural development of Isfahan city using factor analysis method. Journal of Urban - Regional Studies and Research, 4(16), pp. 89-104 (in Persian).
Joghataei, F., Mousavi, M. T., & Zahedi Mazandarani, M. J. (2017). Components and dimensions of social development in development programs. Social Refah Journal, 16(63), pp. 55-88.
Kalantari, Kh., & Abdolahzadeh, Gh. (2011). Spatial and land use planning. Tehran: Pardis Danesh Publishing (in Persian).
Kanisi, A. (2010). Human development index in the provinces of Iran. Journal of Health Science, 2(2), pp. 55-62 (in Persian).
Kawachi, I., Subramanian, S. V., & Almeida-Filho, N. (2002). A glossary for health inequalities. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 56(9), pp. 647-652.
Kazemi, M., & Zamanian, Gh. (2005). An analysis of income distribution in urban regions of Sistan & Baluchistan. Journal of Geography and Development, 3(5), pp. 141-160 (in Persian).
Lees, N. (2010). Inequality as an Obstacle to World Political Community and GlobalSocial Justice. SGIR 7th Annual Conference onInternational Relations, Sweden, September 9-11.
Leftwich, A. (1996). Democracy and development: Theory and practice. Boston: Polity Press.
Lustig, N., & Ruthanne, D. (1998). The Inter-American Development Bank and poverty reduction: An overview. Washington DC: Inter-American Development Bank.
Mirzazadeh, H., & Parizadi, T. (2018). Analysis of factors affecting regional development in Iran. Scientific Journals Management System, 18(50), pp. 179-198 (in Persian).
Misra, R. P. (1992). The concept of development: The characters of third nations. Journal of Jahad, 76, pp. 12-15 (in Persian).
Mohammadi, A. (2013). Regional development strategy. First national conference of geography, urbanization and sustainable development. Tehran: Civil Aviation Technology College (in Persian).
Nobakht, M., Gholami, S., & Hasani, Z. (2011). The applications of development patterns. Journal of Strategy, 20(61), pp. 213-231 (in Persian).
Pacione, M. (2003). Urban geography, A global perspective. London: Routledge.
Panahi, M. (2015). Cultural development, a requirement for economic, social and political development. Social Development & Welfare Planning, 6(22), pp. 1-23.
Pazhohan, M. (2014). Strategies of regional development and strategies of regional network: an introduction to a combination of development agenda in a theoretical paradigm. National Conference of New Theories In Urbanization and Architecture, Gazvin: Azad Islamic University, Gazvin Branch (in Persian).
Pourasghar Sangachin, F., Salehi, E., & Dinarvandi, M. (2012). Measurement of the development level of Iran's provinces with factor analysis approach. Town and Country Planning, 4(7), pp. 5-26 (in Persian).
Purohit, B. C. (2008). Health and human development at sub-state level in India. Journal of Socio-Economics, 37, pp. 2248–2260.
Razmi, J., Reza Yazdi, S., & Anvari, M. (2008). Introduction of evaluation indicators and investigation of the urban sustainable development process in Tehran. Journal of Management and Development Process, 21(1), pp. 5-30 (in Persian).
Sasanpour, F., & Hatami, A. (2017). The spatial analysis of educational competitiveness of Iran provinces. IUESA, 5(19), pp. 45-61 (in Persian).
Shakouie, H., Kazemi Mohammadi, S. (2012). The social and economic indicators of urban sustainable development case study: Qom. National Conference of Iran Urbanization, Shiraz (in Persian).
UNCRD (1988). Regional development dialogue. International Journal Publishing High Quality, 7(1), pp. 31-32.
UNIRSD (2016). Transformations to equity and sustainability: UNIRSD Strategy 2016-2020. Available in: http://www.unrisd.
United Nation (2002). Financing globle social development symposium February 7, Annotated Agenda and Programe of work, Department of economic and social Affairs. United Nation, NewYork.
Verri, L. L. S., & Johnson, R. A. (2007). Confidence bounds and hypothesis tests for normal distribution coefficients of variation, communications in statistics. Theory and Methods, 36, pp. 2187-2206.
World Bank, Operations Evaluation Department (2005). Putting social developmentto work for the poor: An OED Review of World Bank Activities. Washington DC.
Yasouri, M., Hataminejad, H., & Asadzadeh, H. (2015). Concentration in Tehran, trends and policies: Tehran: Simaie Danesh Publishing (in Persian).
Zanganeh, M. (2016). Evaluation and analysis of human development indices in urban areas. Journal of Geography and Urban Space Development, 3(1), pp. 149-160.
Town and Country Planning
Volume 12, Issue 1
Spring & Summer
April 2020
Pages 1-28

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 15 August 2019
  • Revise Date: 26 January 2020
  • Accept Date: 26 January 2020

Share

How to cite

Statistics